Feiedeich osmee



(2:0 Mmm.) A E. @SmmA GR TAKING- FP AMMONIA FRM BNEBLAGK RBTORTS. N0. 287,5?0.

PPARTUS 'IF Patented Oct. 30, 1883.

,UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE.;

-FRIEDRICH OSMER, OF BROOKLYN, NIIV YORK.

APPARATUS FOB TAKING OFF AMMONIA FROM `BONEBLACK RETORlv.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 287,570, dated vOctober 30, 1883.

i Application filed May 22, 1883. (No. model.)

.To all whom, it may concern.:

Be it known t-hat I, FRIEnRioH OsMER, of the city of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State ofv NewYork, have invented a new and usefulApparatus for Taking Off Ammonia from Bone-Black Retorts, of which the following is a specification.

The rctorts used for reburning or revivifying bone-black or chan as it is commonly called, are usually set in an uprightposition in a furnace, and the char is filled into and piled above the'open upper ends of the ret'orts. As the char is removed from the lower ends of the retorts the char above gravitatesdown into the retorts, and' thus the operation is made v continuous. The char contains ammonia in considerable tpiantit-ies, and as -the-char settlcs down into the hotter part of the retort the ammonia is volatilized and passes upward; but it has no avenue of escape save through lthe pile Vof the char above the retort, and as the char is comparatively cool at the top of the pile a large proportion of the ammoniaA vapor is reabsorbed and does not escape.

The object of my invention is to provide for the free escape of the yolatilized ammonia without compelling it to pass through the pile of char, and thereby to vrender the char better for usein sugar-reiining', and to save the ammonia, it' it be desired. Commonly a large plate or metal feeding-flooris placed above the open upper endsof a bench of retorts, and from this plate feeding-throats extend downward into the upper ends of the retort-s.

My invention consists in the combinatioln. with a char-retort, of a double licor or two floors at the top thereof, affording a space bctween them, a throat vleading downward from the upper floor into the retort, and made smaller in size than the retort, but of eorre sponding shape, so as to form between it and the retort a line, which communicates with the space between the two said oors, all as more particularly hereinafter described.

I may provide openings in the feeding-throat, through which ammonia can escape from the char in the throat into the surrounding ue;.

and these openings are covered by hoods ar-` ranged on the interior of the feeding-throat, so 5o that they will not become clogged or stopped With char. At the upper end of theretorts I -to aiiord a-clearspace, a, below it; and from arrange a double licor, or two iloors, aording between them a clear space for the escape of ammonia, and I extend throats from the lower floor down into the retorts, and feeding-throats 5 5 of smaller size `from the upper floor down into the retorts. The spaces between the outer throats and the inner and smaller feedingthroats. ,then form escape-lines for ammonia. I Vconnect pipes with the space between the ioors, to take o' the ammonia to a larger pipe or conduit, from which it may be passed to a condenser, or directly into water to absorb it.

All the above-mentioned features of construction and arrangement are included inmy 6 5 invention. A.

In the accompanying drawings, Figures l and-2 are-partly sectional elcvatienenrlanea at right angles to each other of retorts having myinvention applied to them; and Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the plane of the dotted linear x, Fig. 2, looking upward.

Similar letters of reference designate corre l s ponding parts in all the figures.

A designates the retorts, which areofithe usual forni, and which are heated by a furnace, (Not here shown.) The upper ends of the re= torts are open, and at the upper ends -is the usual plate, B, surmounted by brick-worlcB', on which is placed 'the usual plate 0111100130. 8o From the plate or floor C throats C extend downward into the open upper ends of the retorts, and are of a size to lit snugly therein.

These throats G are usually the feedingthroats',

' through which char is introduced into the re- 85 torts, and the upper ends of the retorts are wholly filled by the descending column of char.

In carrying out my invention I place over the ordinary plate or floor, C, a second plate or feeding-Hoor, D,which is slightly raised, so as this upper plate or ileor feeding-throatsD extend downward through the throat C', and preferably slightly below them, as shown in Figs. l'and The feedingthroats D' are or may be of the same shape as the outer throats,- C', but are of smaller size, so that between them and all around the'feeding-throats'thre V is left a space, a', which is kept free from char, and forms a flue for the escape of ammonia The char-is placedor piled on theupper plate or door. D. and passes 'therefrom down'the.

'which foriiisfitglosed chamber er space, a,

and Volatilized nmonia can escape from the 'lue a around its whole circumference and into the space or chamber a.

.I Pipes c coiigluct the volalilized ammonia `from the space or cha uber a to aconunon een `duit, E, by whic i niay be conducted t a condenser or wat r ,1k, to be condensed or absorbed. If desire the ammonia may be saved and utilized.

, 0f course the char around the innersurface of theretortis hottest, and theannnonia driven off therefrom can pass directly upward along the wall ofthe retort and out of the iiue a.

In order to further prevent ammonia from passing upward through the leerling-throats D', I form openings d in the throats D', through which ammonia eanescape into the surrounding fille-space a', and I cover these openings withhoods e on the inner walls of the feeding throat, which prevent thc holes from becoming clogged or stopped by char. l prefer to place the holes d at dierent elevations around vthe throat, as shown in Fig. l.

The inner throats, D', may have ribs f, formed on their interior, to maintai n the necessaryv space around the feeding-throats andin sure the feeding-throats being placed centrally in the outer throats, (1': Bymyinvmition I at ford a free passage for the escape of the amr monia Without passing it through the pile of char, and itv is therefore carried oil', anglv is not again absorbed.

My improved apparatus enables any other noxious matters'which may be volatilized by the heat io readily escape without passing through the feeding-throat.

'hat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, with echar-retort, A, of adouble floor or two iioors,C D, having the space (L between them,I the feeding-throat D', extending from the floor D downward into the retort and made smaller in size than the retort, but of corresponding shape, so as to form between it and the retort a flue, a', which communicates with the space a between' said floors, substantially as herein deseri bed.

the feeding-throat D', provided'with hooded openings d, and the surrounding ilue or passage a', with which said, openings communicate, substantially as herein described.

3. rlhe combinatiomwith the retort A, of the feeding-throat D, provided with hooded openings d, arranged at diilerent elevations or levels, and the surrounding iiue or passage a', with which said openings communicate, substantiall y as herein described.

4. The combination, with retorts open at the upper ends, of ladoubleiloor or two floors forming a space or chamber between them, throats leading from the lower floor into they retorts, and feeding-throatsmaller in size than thefirst-mentioned throats, extending from the upper tlQor into the retorts, and forming bctween themselves and the larger throats the ilues or passages (1,', substantially as herein described.

5. The combination of the rctorts A, the floors C D, the latter provided with the ilange b, the throats C D', and the escape-pipes and conduit c E, all substantially asherein described.

FRIEDRICH OSMER.

XVitnesse's:

Y, Financ. HAYNns,

, ED. L. MORAN.

2. The combination, with the retort A, of i 

